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Weights And Measures


Troy Weight.--24 grains make 1 pennyweight, 20 pennyweights make 1

ounce. By this weight, gold, silver and jewels only are weighed. The

ounce and pound in this are same as in Apothecaries' weight.



Apothecaries' Weight.--20 grains make one scruple. 3 scruples make 1

dram. 8 drams make 1 ounce, l2 ounces make 1 pound.



Avoirdupois Weight.--6 drams make 1 ounce, 16 ounces make 1 pound, 25

pounds
make 1 quarter, 4 quarters make 1 hundredweight, 2,000 pounds

make 1 ton.



Dry Measure.--2 pints make 1 quart, 8 quarts make 1 peck, 4 pecks make 1

bushel, 36 bushels make 1 chaldron.



Liquid or Wine Measure.--4 gills make 1 pint, 2 pints make 1 quart, 4

quarts make 1 gallon. 31-1/2 gallons make 1 barrel, 2 barrels make 1

hogshead.



Time Measure.--60 seconds make 1 minute, 60 minutes make 1 hour, 24

hours make 1 day, 7 days make 1 week, 4 weeks make 1 lunar month, 28,

29, 30 or 31 days make 1 calendar month (30 days make 1 month in

computing interest). 52 weeks and 1 day, or 12 calendar months make a

year; 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 49 seconds make 1 solar year.



Circular Measure.--60 seconds make 1 minute, 60 minutes make 1 degree,

30 degrees make 1 sign, 90 degrees make 1 quadrant, 4 quadrants or 360

degrees make 1 circle.



Long Measure.--Distance--3 barleycorns 1 inch, 12 inches 1 foot. 3 feet

1 yard. 5-1/2 yards 1 rod, 40 rods 1 furlong, 8 furlongs 1 mile.



Cloth Measure.--2-1/2 inches 1 nail, 4 nails 1 quarter, 4 quarters 1

yard.



Miscellaneous.--3 inches 1 palm, 4 inches 1 hand, 9 inches 1 span, 18

inches 1 cubit, 21.8 inches 1 Bible cubit. 2-1/2 feet 1 military pace.



Square Measure.--144 square inches 1 square foot, 9 square feet 1 square

yard, 30-1/4 square yards 1 square rod, 40 square rods 1 rood, 4 roods 1

acre.



Surveyors' Measure.--7.92 inches 1 link, 25 links 1 rod, 4 rods 1 chain,

10 square chains or 160 square rods 1 acre, 640 acres 1 square mile.



Cubic Measure.--l,728 cubic inches 1 cubic foot. 27 cubic feet 1 cubic

yard, 128 cubic feet 1 cord (wood), 40 cubic feet 1 ton (shipping),

2,150.42 cubic inches 1 standard bushel, 268.8 cubic inches 1 standard

gallon, 1 cubic foot four-fifths of a bushel.



Metric Weights.--10 milligrams 1 centigram, 10 centigrams 1 decigram, 10

decigrams 1 gram, 10 grams 1 dekagram, 10 dekagrams 1 hektogram, 10

hektograms 1 kilogram.



Metric Measure.--(One milliliter--Cubic centimeter).--10 milliliters 1

centiliter, 10 centiliters 1 deciliter, 10 deciliters 1 liter, 10 liters

1 dekaliter, 10 dekaliters 1 hektoliter, 10 hektoliters 1 kiloliter.



Metric Lengths.--10 millimeters 1 centimeter, 10 centimeters 1

decimeter, 10 decimeters 1 meter, 10 meters 1 dekameter, 10 dekameters 1

hektometer, 10 hektometers 1 kilometer.







Relative Value of Apothecaries' and Imperial Measure.



Apothecaries'. Imperial.

pints ounces drams minims



1 gallon equals 6 13 2 23

1 pint equals 16 5 18

1 fluid ounce equals 1 0 20

1 fluid dram equals 1 2-1/2







Handy Metric Table.



The following table gives the equivalents of both the metric and common

systems, and will be found convenient for reference:



Approximate Accurate

Equivalent. Equivalent.

1 inch [length] 2-1/2 cubic centimeters 2.539

1 centimeter 0.4 inch 0.393

1 yard 1 meter 0.914

1 meter (39.37 inches) l yard 1.093

1 foot 30 centimeters 30.479

1 kilometer (1,000 meters) 5/8 mile 0.621

1 mile 1-1/2 kilometers 1.600

1 gramme [weight] 15-1/2 grains 15.432

1 grain 0.064 gramme 0.064

1 kilogramme (1,000 grammes) 2.2 pounds avoirdupois. 2.204

1 pound avoirdupois 1/2 kilogramme 0.453

1 ounce avoirdupois (437-1/2 grains) 28-1/3 grammes 28.349

1 ounce troy, or apothecary (480 grains) 31 grammes 31.103

1 cubic centimeter [bulk] 1.06 cubic inch. 0.060

1 cubic inch 16-1/3 cubic centimeters 16.386

1 liter (1,000 cubic centimeters). 1 United States standard quart 0.946

1 United States quart. 1 liter 1.057

1 fluid ounce 29-1/2 cubic centimeters 29.570

1 hectare (10,000 square meters) [surface] 2-1/2 acres 2.471

1 acre 0.4 hectare 0.40



[Transcriber's noted: 1 inch is about 2-1/2 centimeters, not cubic

centimeters. 1 cubic centimeter is about 0.06102 cubic inch (not 1.06).]



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